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I_have_a_dream

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May 7, 2008

定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
构成关联词+简单句

引导主语从句的关联词有三类:

(1)从属连词
that
如:
That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。

(2)从属连词
如:
Whether he’ll come here isn't clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。

(3)连接代词
who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever

(4)连接副词。
如:
What she did is not yet known.  她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.   这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever comes is welcome.  不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home--my only home.  你所在的任何地方就是我的家--我唯一的家。


1.主语从句能用 it 作形式上的主语。常以 it 作形式主语的句型有:

A.
It+be+形容词(obvious,true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句
如:
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。

B.
It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句
如:
It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。

C.
It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged,etc.)+that从句
如:
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。

D.
It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句
如:
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。

E.
It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句
如:
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。

F.
当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置
如:
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗?

G.
当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置
如:
How strange it is that the children are so quiet!孩子们这么安静真奇怪!


2.注意连接代词whoever,whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义

Whoever comes will be welcome.  (whoever = the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。

Whatever he did was right.(whatever = the thing that)他所做的事情是正确的。

Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever = anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。

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